Automated browser control via CLI with Playwright — open pages, interact, extract session credentials.
Browser
playwright
Try itAutomate real-browser navigation, interaction, capture, and UI-flow debugging from the terminal.
What it does
Automate a real browser from the terminal with Playwright CLI for navigation, form entry, screenshots, PDFs, traces, and multi-tab flows. The workflow checks for npx, opens a page, snapshots stable element refs, interacts through those refs, and re-snapshots after navigation or major DOM changes. It defaults to the bundled wrapper rather than Playwright test files.
When to use it
- Submitting a web form from the terminal
- Capturing screenshots or PDFs of browser pages
- Tracing a failing UI interaction flow
- Automating navigation across multiple tabs
The skill document
Playwright CLI Skill
Drive a real browser from the terminal using playwright-cli. Prefer the bundled wrapper script so the CLI works even when it is not globally installed.
Treat this skill as CLI-first automation. Do not pivot to @playwright/test unless the user explicitly asks for test files.
Prerequisite check (required)
Before proposing commands, check whether npx is available (the wrapper depends on it):
command -v npx >/dev/null 2>&1
If it is not available, pause and ask the user to install Node.js/npm (which provides npx). Provide these steps verbatim:
# Verify Node/npm are installed
node --version
npm --version
# If missing, install Node.js/npm, then:
npm install -g @playwright/cli@latest
playwright-cli --help
Once npx is present, proceed with the wrapper script. A global install of playwright-cli is optional.
Skill path (set once)
export CODEX_HOME="${CODEX_HOME:-$HOME/.codex}"
export PWCLI="$CODEX_HOME/skills/playwright/scripts/playwright_cli.sh"
User-scoped skills install under $CODEX_HOME/skills (default: ~/.codex/skills).
Quick start
Use the wrapper script:
"$PWCLI" open https://playwright.dev --headed
"$PWCLI" snapshot
"$PWCLI" click e15
"$PWCLI" type "Playwright"
"$PWCLI" press Enter
"$PWCLI" screenshot
If the user prefers a global install, this is also valid:
npm install -g @playwright/cli@latest
playwright-cli --help
Core workflow
- Open the page.
- Snapshot to get stable element refs.
- Interact using refs from the latest snapshot.
- Re-snapshot after navigation or significant DOM changes.
- Capture artifacts (screenshot, pdf, traces) when useful.
Minimal loop:
"$PWCLI" open https://example.com
"$PWCLI" snapshot
"$PWCLI" click e3
"$PWCLI" snapshot
When to snapshot again
Snapshot again after:
- navigation
- clicking elements that change the UI substantially
- opening/closing modals or menus
- tab switches
Refs can go stale. When a command fails due to a missing ref, snapshot again.
Recommended patterns
Form fill and submit
"$PWCLI" open https://example.com/form
"$PWCLI" snapshot
"$PWCLI" fill e1 "user@example.com"
"$PWCLI" fill e2 "password123"
"$PWCLI" click e3
"$PWCLI" snapshot
Debug a UI flow with traces
"$PWCLI" open https://example.com --headed
"$PWCLI" tracing-start
# ...interactions...
"$PWCLI" tracing-stop
Multi-tab work
"$PWCLI" tab-new https://example.com
"$PWCLI" tab-list
"$PWCLI" tab-select 0
"$PWCLI" snapshot
Wrapper script
The wrapper script uses npx --package @playwright/cli playwright-cli so the CLI can run without a global install:
"$PWCLI" --help
Prefer the wrapper unless the repository already standardizes on a global install.
References
Open only what you need:
- CLI command reference:
references/cli.md - Practical workflows and troubleshooting:
references/workflows.md
Guardrails
- Always snapshot before referencing element ids like
e12. - Re-snapshot when refs seem stale.
- Prefer explicit commands over
evalandrun-codeunless needed. - When you do not have a fresh snapshot, use placeholder refs like
eXand say why; do not bypass refs withrun-code. - Use
--headedwhen a visual check will help. - When capturing artifacts in this repo, use
output/playwright/and avoid introducing new top-level artifact folders. - Default to CLI commands and workflows, not Playwright test specs.
Questions people ask
- Do I need to install Playwright CLI globally?
- No. The preferred wrapper runs `npx --package @playwright/cli playwright-cli`, so a global installation is optional. `npx` must be available first.
- How does it identify elements to click or fill?
- It takes a snapshot and uses element refs such as `e3`. A fresh snapshot is required before using refs, and another should be taken after navigation, major UI changes, modal or menu changes, and tab switches.
- Can it help debug an interactive UI flow?
- Yes. It can run the browser in headed mode for visual checks and start and stop tracing around a sequence of interactions. It can also capture screenshots and other artifacts when useful.
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